Sunday, 31 October 2021

Saturday, 30 October 2021

Linking the past and present: Reconstructing the dragonfly and damselfly family tree

Linking the past and present: Reconstructing the dragonfly and damselfly family tree
Researchers used transcriptomics (a type of gene sequencing) calibrated using information from the fossil record to create the first phylogenetic reconstruction of the insect order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies), covering 105 species. This reconstruction of the evolutionary history...

Friday, 29 October 2021

After California’s 3rd-largest wildfire, deer returned home while trees were ‘still smoldering’

After California’s 3rd-largest wildfire, deer returned home while trees were ‘still smoldering’
While many animals have adapted to live with wildfires of the past -- which were smaller, more frequent and kept ecosystems in balance across the West -- it's unclear to scientists how animals are coping with today's unprecedented megafires. A team of researchers tracked a population of black-tailed...

Cleveland Clinic study links gut microbiome and aggressive prostate cancer

Cleveland Clinic study links gut microbiome and aggressive prostate cancer
Researchers have shown for the first time that diet-associated molecules in the gut are associated with aggressive prostate cancer, suggesting dietary interventions may help reduce risk. While more research will be necessary, the study's lead author says findings from the team's analysis of...

Stacking the deck: Layers of crystalline nanosheets enable tunable electronic properties

Stacking the deck: Layers of crystalline nanosheets enable tunable electronic properties
Researchers have obtained and characterized two-dimensional (2D) boron monosulfide (BS) nanosheets. The bandgap energy of a single BS nanosheet was greater than that of the bulk material from which it came. As additional 2D layers were stacked, the bandgap energy eventually decreased to that...

Increased cognitive demands offset low-back exoskeleton advantages, research finds

Increased cognitive demands offset low-back exoskeleton advantages, research finds
In manufacturing, work-related lower-back injuries from lifting and handling heavy objects account for approximately $100 billion in medical bills annually in the United States, according to new data. Although novel ergonomic interventions such as industrial exoskeletons have shown promise...

Creating a new 'toehold' for RNA therapeutics, cell therapies, and diagnostics

Creating a new 'toehold' for RNA therapeutics, cell therapies, and diagnostics
Synthetic biologists have developed eToeholds -- small versatile devices built into RNA that enable expression of a linked protein-encoding sequence only when a cell-specific or viral RNA is present. eToehold devices open up multiple opportunities for more targeted types of RNA therapy, in...

Thursday, 28 October 2021

Brain connectivity is lower in adults with PTSD or a history of sexual abuse

Brain connectivity is lower in adults with PTSD or a history of sexual abuse
A study has found that adults with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder or a history of sexual abuse have lower brain connectivity in the attention systems known as the ventral and dorsal attention network. These networks enable us to shift attention from external events to a...

Powerful X-ray technique finds new degradation-inducing materials in British shipwreck

Powerful X-ray technique finds new degradation-inducing materials in British shipwreck
In 1545, King Henry VIII's favorite ship, the Mary Rose, capsized and sank in the Battle of the Solent defending England and Portsmouth from a French invasion fleet. The wreck remained on the seabed until 1982 when it was salvaged in a widely viewed televised event. Now, it is a time capsule...

Genetic risk of mental health conditions may influence where people choose to live, study suggests

Genetic risk of mental health conditions may influence where people choose to live, study suggests
Research on around 386,000 UK adults has found that a high genetic risk for schizophrenia and other mental health conditions, including bipolar disorder, anorexia and autism, is associated with living in and moving to urban areas. In contrast, people with low genetic risk of ADHD preferentially...

Polar bear diet may indicate prey distribution changes due to climate shifts

Polar bear diet may indicate prey distribution changes due to climate shifts
How are warming temperatures and a loss of sea ice affecting polar bears and their marine mammal prey in the Arctic? A York University-led research team used a novel approach to the question by monitoring what polar bears eat across Nunavut and where they are catching their prey. source ...

Red paint on 1,000-year-old gold mask from Peru contains human blood proteins

Red paint on 1,000-year-old gold mask from Peru contains human blood proteins
Thirty years ago, archeologists excavated the tomb of an elite 40--50-year-old man from the Sicán culture of Peru, a society that predated the Incas. The man's seated, upside-down skeleton was painted bright red, as was the gold mask covering his detached skull. Now, researchers have analyzed...

Carbon nanotubes could help electronics withstand outer space’s harsh conditions

Carbon nanotubes could help electronics withstand outer space’s harsh conditions
Space missions, such as NASA's Orion that will take astronauts to Mars, are pushing the limits of human exploration. But during their transit, spacecrafts encounter a continuous stream of damaging cosmic radiation, which can harm or even destroy onboard electronics. To extend future missions,...

Wednesday, 27 October 2021

New research finds air pollution reduces sperm counts through brain inflammation

New research finds air pollution reduces sperm counts through brain inflammation
Researchers have long known that air pollution can increase the risk of disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and fertility, but they did not know the exact mechanism for how it can lead to these health conditions. Now researchers have shown how air pollution reduces sperm count in mice by...

New study suggests that breastfeeding may help prevent cognitive decline

New study suggests that breastfeeding may help prevent cognitive decline
A new study has found that women over the age of 50 who had breastfed their babies performed better on cognitive tests compared to women who had never breastfed. The findings suggest that breastfeeding may have a positive impact on postmenopausal women's cognitive performance and could have...

Slow release of a drug, TT-10, improves heart attack recovery in a mouse model

Slow release of a drug, TT-10, improves heart attack recovery in a mouse model
A pharmaceutical product called TT-10, which spurs proliferation of heart muscle cells, was thought to offer promise to treat heart attacks. In a mouse heart-attack model several years ago, intraperitoneal injection of TT-10 at first promoted proliferation of heart muscle cells and showed...

Experiments confirm a quantum material’s unique response to circularly polarized laser light

Experiments confirm a quantum material’s unique response to circularly polarized laser light
Scientists are probing topological insulators with circularly polarized light to reveal their many secrets. These exotic materials have potential for quantum computing and other technologies. They discovered that high harmonic generation produces a unique signature from the topological surface. source...

Tuesday, 26 October 2021

Stronger than spider silk: Bagworm silk enables strong conducting fibers

Stronger than spider silk: Bagworm silk enables strong conducting fibers
Researchers have harnessed the strength of bagworm silk to produce a strong conductive fiber. To obtain this novel fiber, the research team combined bagworm silk with polyaniline as a conducting polymer. The composite fibers act as an optical waveguide and are suitable for use in textile transistors....

Monday, 25 October 2021

Sunday, 24 October 2021

Saturday, 23 October 2021

Friday, 22 October 2021

New photonic chip for isolating light may be key to miniaturizing quantum devices

New photonic chip for isolating light may be key to miniaturizing quantum devices
Light plays a critical role in enabling 21st century quantum information applications. Limited by size, engineers need to miniaturize quantum devices, which requires re-thinking certain components for harnessing light. Researchers have designed a simple, compact photonic circuit that uses...

Africa-wide great ape assessment reveals human activity, not habitat availability, is greatest driver of ape abundance

Africa-wide great ape assessment reveals human activity, not habitat availability, is greatest driver of ape abundance
The first-ever Africa-wide assessment of great apes -- gorillas, bonobos and chimpanzees -- finds that human factors, including roads, population density and GDP, determine abundance more than ecological factors such as forest cover. source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/10/2...

Early dinosaurs may have lived in social herds as early as 193 million years ago

Early dinosaurs may have lived in social herds as early as 193 million years ago
Scientists believe they have found the earliest evidence for complex herd behavior in dinosaurs. Researchers say Mussaurus patagonicus may have lived in herds some 193 million years ago -- 40 million years earlier than other records of dinosaur herding. source https://www.sciencedaily.co...

Thursday, 21 October 2021

Astronomers detect signs of an atmosphere stripped from a planet in a giant impact

Astronomers detect signs of an atmosphere stripped from a planet in a giant impact
A team has discovered evidence of a giant impact in the nearby HD 17255 star system, in which an Earth-sized terrestrial planet and a smaller impactor likely collided at least 200,000 years ago, stripping off part of one planet's atmosphere. source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2...

Humans did not cause woolly mammoths to go extinct -- climate change did

Humans did not cause woolly mammoths to go extinct -- climate change did
Humans did not cause woolly mammoths to go extinct -- climate change did. For five million years, woolly mammoths roamed the earth until they vanished for good nearly 4,000 years ago -- and scientists have finally proved why. The hairy cousins of today's elephants lived alongside early humans...

Urban wastes used as fertilizers contain higher PFAS than livestock manure

Urban wastes used as fertilizers contain higher PFAS than livestock manure
Because of their useful surfactant properties, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been massively produced for non-stick coatings, water-repellant fabrics and firefighting foams. However, scientists have detected these highly stable 'forever chemicals' throughout the environment,...

Cat bacteria treats mouse skin infection, may help you and your pets as well

Cat bacteria treats mouse skin infection, may help you and your pets as well
Researchers identify a strain of bacteria on healthy cats that produces antibiotics against severe skin infections. The findings may soon lead to new bacteriotherapies for humans and their pets, wherein cat bacteria is applied via topical cream or spray. source https://www.sciencedaily.c...

'Ray guns' let scientists use light instead of DNA to tell plant populations apart

'Ray guns' let scientists use light instead of DNA to tell plant populations apart
Using a handheld device that looks a little like a ray gun, scientists recorded how plant leaves on different Alaskan mountains reflect light. And, it turns out, different populations of plants of the same species -- for instance, plants living on neighboring mountaintops -- reflect light...

Wednesday, 20 October 2021

Street Transformations to Address COVID-19 Keep San Francisco Moving

Street Transformations to Address COVID-19 Keep San Francisco Moving
Street Transformations to Address COVID-19 Keep San Francisco Moving By Eillie Anzilotti A street closure in the Tenderloin as part of the COVID-19 response efforts. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many aspects of people’s lives have changed – including how we get...
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