Wednesday, 30 June 2021

Data-driven approach for a more sustainable utility rate structure

Data-driven approach for a more sustainable utility rate structure
Many drivers use tollways to get from point A to point B because they are a faster and more convenient option. The fees associated with these roadways are higher during peak traffic hours of the day, such as during the commute to and from work.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629134256.htm

Scientists mine the rich seam of body wearable motion sensors

Scientists mine the rich seam of body wearable motion sensors
Body movement can be identified through clothing by passing a low voltage through a seam sewn from conductive yarn. Seam-based fitness trackers hold promise for tracking subtle movements (yoga, Pilates, rehabilitation, etc) -- something today's fitness watches struggle with. Stretching conductive seams reduces voltage, and the increase in resistance broadly indicates the level of stretch. Changes in voltage are recorded using a microcontroller.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629120838.htm

Identifying a topological fingerprint

Identifying a topological fingerprint
Australian theoretical physics study just out has identified a 'smoking gun' in long search for the topological magnetic monopole referred to as the Berry curvature. This breakthrough in search for topological effects in non-equilibrium systems opens paths towards low-energy topological electronics viable for large-scale, room-temperature operation.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629120812.htm

Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water

Parasites manipulate praying mantis's polarized-light perception, causing it to jump into water
Researchers have revealed that praying mantis (mantids) infected with parasitic hairworms are attracted to horizontally polarized light that is strongly reflected off the surface of water, which causes them to enter the water. These results demonstrate that parasites can manipulate the host's specific light perception system to their advantage, causing the host to behave in an abnormal manner.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629120804.htm

Managing attention deficit disorder by training the brain

Managing attention deficit disorder by training the brain
Scientists explored a technique called 'neurofeedback,' which enables ADHD patients to train their attention, based on instant feedback from the level of their brain activity. The team of neuroscientists found that not only did the training have a positive effect on patients' concentration abilities, but also that the attention improvement was closely linked to an enhanced response from the brain -- the P3 wave -- which is known to reflect integration of information in the brain.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629120746.htm

Dinosaurs were in decline before the end

Dinosaurs were in decline before the end
The death of the dinosaurs 66 million years ago was caused by the impact of a huge asteroid on the Earth. However, paleontologists have continued to debate whether they were already in decline or not before the impact. Scientists now show that they were already in decline for as much as ten million years before the final death blow.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629130518.htm

The evolution of axial patterning

The evolution of axial patterning
Body axes are molecular coordinate systems along which regulatory genes are activated. These genes then activate the development of anatomical structures in correct locations in the embryo. Thus, the body ensures that we do not develop arms on our heads or ears on our backs.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629120743.htm

The earthworm in new light

The earthworm in new light
Earthworms are special because they keep our soil healthy. From the outside they appear inconspicuous. But what earthworms look like from the inside, from their organs to the microbes and parasites that colonize them, has been difficult to grasp. Scientists have developed a method to visualize anatomical structures including products of an earthworm's metabolism.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210629120738.htm

Tuesday, 29 June 2021

New type of metasurface allows unprecedented laser control

New type of metasurface allows unprecedented laser control
Researchers have developed a single metasurface that can effectively tune the different properties of laser light, including wavelength, without the need of additional optical components. The metasurface can split light into multiple beams and control their shape and intensity in an independent, precise and power-efficient way.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628170502.htm

Satellite unexpectedly detects a unique exoplanet

Satellite unexpectedly detects a unique exoplanet
An exoplanet-hunting satellite has unexpectedly detected a third planet passing in front of its star while it was exploring two previously known planets around the same star. This transit, according to researchers, will reveal exciting details about a strange planet without a known equivalent.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628152923.htm

Striking gold: Synthesizing green gold nanoparticles for cancer therapy with biomolecules

Striking gold: Synthesizing green gold nanoparticles for cancer therapy with biomolecules
Scientists have designed an eco-friendly protocol for synthesizing gold nanoparticles with optimized morphology for near-infrared light absorption using a biomolecule called B3 peptide. They report the synthesis of triangular and circular gold nanoplates and their effectiveness in killing cancer cells by converting the absorbed light into heat, providing useful insights for the development of non-invasive cancer therapy.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628132157.htm

Deep machine learning completes information about the bioactivity of one million molecules

Deep machine learning completes information about the bioactivity of one million molecules
A newly developed tool predicts the biological activity of chemical compounds, key information to evaluate their therapeutic potential. Using artificial neural networks, scientists have inferred experimental data for a million compounds and have developed a package of programs to make estimates for any type of molecule.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628132154.htm

Blood stem cells make brain tumors more aggressive

Blood stem cells make brain tumors more aggressive
Scientists have discovered stem cells of the hematopoietic system in glioblastomas, the most aggressive form of brain tumor. These hematopoietic stem cells promote division of the cancer cells and at the same time suppress the immune response against the tumor. This surprising discovery might open up new possibilities for developing more effective immunotherapies against these malignant brain tumors.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628132151.htm

Love: How the feeling of power determines happy relationships

Love: How the feeling of power determines happy relationships
Want to have a happy relationship? Make sure both partners feel they can decide on issues that are important to them. Objective power measured by income, for example, doesn't seem to play a big role, according to a new study. Instead, how lovers perceive power dynamics in their relationship is most important for relationship satisfaction.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628132145.htm

Fast IR imaging-based AI identifies tumor type in lung cancer

Fast IR imaging-based AI identifies tumor type in lung cancer
The prognosis and effective therapies differ based on the type of lung cancer. While it previously took several days to precisely determine the underlying mutation, a research team has been able to reliably perform this determination in just one step using a combination of quantum cascade laser-based infrared microscopy and artificial intelligence.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628132142.htm

New tools for pandemic prevention research: DNA sequencing from water and leeches

New tools for pandemic prevention research: DNA sequencing from water and leeches
In new research, water from African and Mongolian waterholes as well as bloodmeals from Southeast Asian leeches were assessed for the ability to retrieve mammalian viruses without the need to find and catch the mammals. The scientists analyzed the samples using high-throughput sequencing to identify known viruses as well as viruses new to science.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210628124949.htm

Monday, 28 June 2021

Backscatter breakthrough runs near-zero-power IoT communicators at 5G speeds everywhere

Backscatter breakthrough runs near-zero-power IoT communicators at 5G speeds everywhere
Researchers have found a low-cost way for backscatter radios to support high-throughput communication and 5G-speed Gb/sec data transfer using only a single transistor when previously it required expensive and multiple stacked transistors.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625173049.htm

Sunday, 27 June 2021

Differences in human, mouse brain cells have important implications for disease research

Differences in human, mouse brain cells have important implications for disease research
A study comparing brain cells known as astrocytes in humans and mice found that mouse astrocytes are more resilient to oxidative stress, a damaging imbalance that is a mechanism behind many neurological disorders.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625173158.htm

Sleeper cells: Newly discovered stem cell resting phase could put brain tumors to sleep

Sleeper cells: Newly discovered stem cell resting phase could put brain tumors to sleep
Biomedical engineering researchers developed a new cell classifier tool that takes a higher-resolution look at the life cycle of neuroepithelial stem cells, which led to the discovery and exploration of a new resting phase called Neural G0. This knowledge could help scientists to better understand glioma brain tumors and develop new methods of treatment.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625173155.htm

Unbroken: New soft electronics don't break, even when punctured

Unbroken: New soft electronics don't break, even when punctured
A team of researchers has created a new type of soft electronics, paving the way for devices that are self-healing, reconfigurable, and recyclable. These skin-like circuits are soft and stretchy, sustain numerous damage events under load without losing electrical conductivity, and can be recycled to generate new circuits at the end of a product's life.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625173147.htm

Nanotech OLED electrode liberates 20% more light, could slash display power consumption

Nanotech OLED electrode liberates 20% more light, could slash display power consumption
A new electrode that could free up 20% more light from organic light-emitting diodes has been developed. It could help extend the battery life of smartphones and laptops, or make next-gen televisions and displays much more energy efficient.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625155623.htm

One 'ring' to rule them all: Curious interlocked molecules show dual response

One 'ring' to rule them all: Curious interlocked molecules show dual response
Scientists design polymers infused with a stress-sensitive molecular unit that respond to external forces by switching on their fluorescence. The researchers demonstrate the fluorescence to be dependent on the magnitude of force and show that it is possible to detect both, reversible and irreversible polymer deformations, opening the door to the exploration of new force regimes in polymers.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625130136.htm

Saturday, 26 June 2021

Study confirms the low likelihood that SARS-CoV-2 on hospital surfaces is infectious

Study confirms the low likelihood that SARS-CoV-2 on hospital surfaces is infectious
A new study confirms the low likelihood that coronavirus contamination on hospital surfaces is infectious. The study is the original report on recovering near-complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences directly from surface swabs.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625155635.htm

Ethane proxies for methane in oil and gas emissions

Ethane proxies for methane in oil and gas emissions
Measuring ethane in the atmosphere shows that the amounts of methane going into the atmosphere from oil and gas wells and contributing to greenhouse warming is higher than suggested by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, according to an international team of scientists who spent three years flying over three areas of the U.S. during all four seasons.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624135546.htm

Membrane proteins of bacteria and humans show surprising similarities

Membrane proteins of bacteria and humans show surprising similarities
The cells of simple organisms, such as bacteria, as well as human cells are surrounded by a membrane, which fulfills various tasks including protecting the cell from stress. Researchers have now discovered that a membrane protein found in bacteria has a similar structure and function as a group of proteins that are responsible for remodeling and rebuilding the cell membrane in humans. No connection between the two protein groups was known before.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624135540.htm

Are zebra mussels eating or helping toxic algae?

Are zebra mussels eating or helping toxic algae?
While invasive zebra mussels consume small plant-like organisms called phytoplankton, researchers discovered during a long-term study that zebra mussels can actually increase Microcystis, a type of phytoplankton known as 'blue-green algae' or cyanobacteria, that forms harmful floating blooms.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624135534.htm

Natural history and conservation importance of Chinese mountain cat

Natural history and conservation importance of Chinese mountain cat
In a large study of Chinese cats, genetic detectives highlight the evolutionary uniqueness and premier conservation importance of the elusive Chinese mountain cat (Felis silvestris bieti), found only in the Tibetan plateau of China.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624135529.htm

A 'tasty' protein may lead to new ways to treat metabolic and immune diseases

A 'tasty' protein may lead to new ways to treat metabolic and immune diseases
The same taste-sensing molecule that helps you enjoy a meal from your favorite restaurant may one day lead to improved ways to treat diabetes and other metabolic and immune diseases. TRPM5 is a specialized protein that is concentrated in the taste buds, where it helps relay messages to and from cells. It has long been of interest to researchers due to its roles in taste perception and blood sugar regulation.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624135523.htm

New CRISPR 3.0 system for highly efficient gene activation in plants

New CRISPR 3.0 system for highly efficient gene activation in plants
Biologists have introduced a new and improved CRISPR 3.0 system in plants, focusing on gene activation. This third generation system focuses on multiplexed gene activation that can boost the function of multiple genes simultaneously. This system boasts four to six times the activation capacity of current state-of-the-art CRISPR technology, demonstrating high accuracy and efficiency in up to seven genes at once.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624135511.htm

Potato and rice protein shakes may be a viable vegan alternative to whey protein shakes, research suggests

Potato and rice protein shakes may be a viable vegan alternative to whey protein shakes, research suggests
A new study found that plant-based protein shakes may be potential viable alternatives to milk-based whey protein shakes, particularly in people with need of careful monitoring of glucose levels.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114501.htm

COVID-linked multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children diagnosed more in Black and Latino children

COVID-linked multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children diagnosed more in Black and Latino children
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) significantly affected more Black and Latino children than white children, with Black children at the highest risk, according to a new study. Researchers also found cardiac complications, including systolic myocardial dysfunction and valvular regurgitation, were more common in MIS-C patients who were critically ill.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210625100517.htm

Powered Scooters Charge City’s Transportation Recovery

Powered Scooters Charge City’s Transportation Recovery
Powered Scooters Charge City’s Transportation Recovery
By Jason Hyde

Photo of two powered scooter riders, a skateboard user, and pedestrians

The SFMTA is releasing its next round of Powered Scooter Share permits on July 1.

Scooters remain a sustainable mode of travel and a complement to Muni and public transit service as the city recovers from the pandemic and San Franciscans begin to travel more. The SFMTA’s Powered Scooter Share Program is essential in ensuring that shared scooter operations support the city’s economic recovery in a safe, sustainable, and equitable way. 

The SFMTA received four submittals for the permit program and will issue permits to two operators: Spin and Lime. Permits will be in effect for a one-year term, with the option to extend for another year at the discretion of the SFMTA based on compliance with various program metrics.

While the new permit program does not set a limit on the number of scooters each operator may deploy, it does limit the overall citywide fleet size at 10,000. Starting at a base of 2,000 scooters per operator, permittees will be encouraged to apply for permission add scooters in 500 increments every several months. Fleet size increases will be predicated on compliance with SFMTA defined metrics and policy outcomes, including those focused on equity, access, and sustainability.

Allowable Scooter Fleet Size at Permit Launch

Lime      2,000

Spin       2,000

The SFMTA also received an application for the 2021 Powered Scooter Share Permit Program from Scoot. The Agency recently learned of revelations, confirmed by Scoot, that the company has been using unauthorized subcontractors in violation of the terms and conditions of the 2019 permit program. The SFMTA takes these issues very seriously, and will defer a decision on 2021 permit issuance to Scoot to allow time for full investigation and complete its evaluation. Scoot service will pause on July 1st during this time.  

New Permit Highlights

The 2021 Powered Scooter Share Permit program builds on the lessons learned from current permit program with the goal of creating a more useful, safe, and equitable program. It establishes new guidance and requirements in these areas:

Accessibility

Adaptive scooters will become a permanent part of the citywide scooter fleet. Additionally, operators will continue their on-demand adaptive programs.

Community Engagement

Permits include new outreach requirements and programs with Community-Based Organizations and local small businesses to expand to a more diverse and equitable ridership.

Labor Harmony

The new permit applications prioritized operators who more frequently hire employees rather than use outside staffing agencies or independent contractors.

Safety

Permittees must implement an escalating penalty structure for unsafe or illegal riding or parking behavior. Furthermore, safety-related scooter charging requirements have been strengthened per feedback from the San Francisco Fire Department.

Equitable Access to Scooters and Distribution Requirements

The program emphasizes service to all neighborhoods in San Francisco. This includes ensuring that everyone in the city is within walking distance of a scooter, particularly in Communities of Concern and outlying areas.

Scooter Parking

The SFMTA will increase the bike rack fee paid by operators from $75 to $100 per scooter to ensure adequate scooter parking throughout the city.

Next Steps – Permitting

The Agency plans to closely monitor permittees’ compliance with the permit terms and conditions once the new permits launch on July 1st. The Agency also looks forward to further stakeholder collaboration as it continues to evolve the Powered Scooter Share Program.



Published June 26, 2021 at 01:00AM
https://ift.tt/3gTZ8f6

Friday, 25 June 2021

Researchers find health benefits of Connecticut-grown sugar kelp

Researchers find health benefits of Connecticut-grown sugar kelp
Researchers have reported significant findings supporting the nutritional benefits of Connecticut-grown sugar kelp. They found brown sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) inhibits hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a fatty liver disease.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624152650.htm

Immunologists discover new trick used by MRSA superbug -- may aid vaccine development

Immunologists discover new trick used by MRSA superbug -- may aid vaccine development
New research has uncovered a novel trick employed by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus to thwart the immune response, raising hopes that a vaccine that prevents deadly MRSA infections is a little closer on the horizon.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114459.htm

Chemicals from human activities in transplanted oysters far from population centers

Chemicals from human activities in transplanted oysters far from population centers
Wastewater treatment facilities clean the water that goes down our sinks and flushes our toilets, but they do not remove everything. A recent study detected low levels of pharmaceuticals and personal care product chemicals in oysters the team deployed at various distances from wastewater effluent pipes along the Oregon and Washington coast.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114451.htm

Marmoset study identifies brain region linking actions to their outcomes

Marmoset study identifies brain region linking actions to their outcomes
The 'anterior cingulate cortex' is key brain region involved in linking behaviors to their outcomes. When this region was temporarily silenced, monkeys did not change behavior even when it stopped having the expected outcome. The finding is a step towards targeted treatment of human disorders involving compulsive behavior, such as OCD and eating disorders, thought to involve impaired function in this brain region.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114431.htm

Nanotech and AI could hold key to unlocking global food security challenge

Nanotech and AI could hold key to unlocking global food security challenge
'Precision agriculture' where farmers respond in real time to changes in crop growth using nanotechnology and artificial intelligence (AI) could offer a practical solution to the challenges threatening global food security, a new study reveals.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114428.htm

Throwing shade: Measuring how much trees, buildings cool cities

Throwing shade: Measuring how much trees, buildings cool cities
When the summer sun blazes on a hot city street, our first reaction is to flee to a shady spot protected by a building or tree. A new study is the first to calculate exactly how much these shaded areas help lower the temperature and reduce the 'urban heat island' effect.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114355.htm

Streptococcus pneumoniae sticks to dying lung cells, worsening secondary infection following flu

Streptococcus pneumoniae sticks to dying lung cells, worsening secondary infection following flu
Researchers have found a further reason for the severity of dual infection by influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia -- a new virulence mechanism for a surface protein on the pneumonia-causing bacteria S. pneumoniae. This insight comes 30 years after discovery of that surface protein, called pneumococcal surface protein A. This mechanism had been missed in the past because it facilitates bacterial adherence only to dying lung epithelial cells, not to living cells.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114336.htm

Scientists may need to rethink which genes control aging, study suggests

Scientists may need to rethink which genes control aging, study suggests
Researchers fed fruit flies antibiotics and monitored the lifetime activity of hundreds of genes that scientists have traditionally thought control aging. To their surprise, the antibiotics not only extended the lives of the flies but also dramatically changed the activity of many of these genes. Their results suggested that only about 30% of the genes traditionally associated with aging set an animal's internal clock while the rest reflect the body's response to bacteria.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114334.htm

A new type of Homo unknown to science

A new type of Homo unknown to science
The bones of an early human, unknown to science, who lived in the Levant at least until 130,000 years ago, were discovered in excavations at the Nesher Ramla site, near the city of Ramla. Recognizing similarity to other archaic Homo specimens from 400,000 years ago, found in Israel and Eurasia, the researchers reached the conclusion that the Nesher Ramla fossils represent a unique Middle Pleistocene population, now identified for the first time.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624141540.htm

Preventing the break-in of the toxoplasmosis parasite

Preventing the break-in of the toxoplasmosis parasite
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite which, to survive, must absolutely penetrate its host's cells. Understanding how the parasite manages to enter host cells offers opportunities to develop more prevention. A team has now identified the key role of RON13, which is essential for the invasion process. The three-dimensional structure and the site of action of this enzyme are atypical, thus offering the possibility of designing specific inhibitors to stop the infection.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114321.htm

Plant Protector: How plants strengthen their light-harvesting membranes against environmental stress

Plant Protector: How plants strengthen their light-harvesting membranes against environmental stress
An international study has revealed the structure of a membrane-remodeling protein that builds and maintains photosynthetic membranes. These fundamental insights lay the groundwork for bioengineering efforts to strengthen plants against environmental stress, helping to sustaining human food supply and fight against climate change.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114318.htm

Children's beat gestures predict the subsequent development of their oral skills

Children's beat gestures predict the subsequent development of their oral skills
New research shows that the early production of beat gestures with the hands (i.e., gestures normally associated with emphasis that do not represent the semantic content of speech) by infants between 14 and 58 months of age in natural interactions with their carers predicts that in their later development, nearing the age of five, these children obtain better results insofar as their oral narrative skills.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114316.htm

Cyclone study improves climate projections

Cyclone study improves climate projections
Migrating storms and local weather systems known as cyclones and anticyclones were thought to contribute to behaviors and properties of our global weather system. However, the means to probe cyclones and anticyclones were limited. Researchers demonstrated a new three-dimensional analytical methodology that can quantify the way individual cyclones and anticyclones impact broader weather systems. This study aids longer-term circulation and climate studies, including how storm characteristics may change in the future.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210624114310.htm

Extended Service Hours for the F Market & Wharves

Extended Service Hours for the F Market & Wharves
Extended Service Hours for the F Market & Wharves
By Enrique Aguilar

Photo of SFMTA Staff holding "F Line Takes You There" sign

Beginning June 26, the hours of operation for F Market & Wharves historic streetcars will be extended daily to run from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. in order to support San Francisco’s economic recovery and reopening.

Trips from Castro to Fisherman’s Wharf will run approximately from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. and return trips from Fisherman’s Wharf will run approximately 8 a.m. to 10 p.m.

This increase in service is based on feedback from streetcar operators and key stakeholders who worked closely with the SFMTA earlier this year to determine initial hours of operation that would support small businesses along Market Street and the Embarcadero.

Last May, the F Wharves-Market was welcomed back by Mayor London Breed, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors and the SFMTA Board of Directors at a small celebration near the Ferry Building. Director Tumlin was in attendance to make the announcement about the return of historical streetcars and other May 15 service changes, including the reopening of Muni Metro stations.

While Better Market Street construction is still under review, the project team has been developing a plan to run the F Market & Wharves full route. A combination of historic streetcar and bus shuttle service would limit impacts once construction begins.  

San Francisco lifted most COVID-19 restrictions on June 15 and SFMTA staff will continue to support our economic recovery as businesses reopen, tourists, office workers and regional visitors return. The F Market & Wharves is a popular city attraction and extended service hours will allow Muni customers more opportunities to ride historical streetcars this summer.



Published June 25, 2021 at 12:02AM
https://ift.tt/3wWEJLM

Thursday, 24 June 2021

Harvesting drinking water from humid air around the clock

Harvesting drinking water from humid air around the clock
Researchers have developed a condenser for countries where water is in short supply. Theirs is a zero-energy solution for harvesting water from the atmosphere throughout the 24-hour daily cycle. It relies on a self-cooling surface and a special radiation shield.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623141652.htm

Exoplanets in 2,034 star-systems get cosmic front-row seat to see Earth

Exoplanets in 2,034 star-systems get cosmic front-row seat to see Earth
Scientists at Cornell University and the American Museum of Natural History have identified 2,034 nearby star-systems - within the small cosmic distance of 326 light-years - that could find Earth merely by watching our pale blue dot cross our sun.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113905.htm

Low-cost imaging technique shows how smartphone batteries could charge in minutes

Low-cost imaging technique shows how smartphone batteries could charge in minutes
Researchers have developed a simple lab-based technique that allows them to look inside lithium-ion batteries and follow lithium ions moving in real time as the batteries charge and discharge, something which has not been possible until now.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113903.htm

AI spots healthy stem cells quickly and accurately

AI spots healthy stem cells quickly and accurately
Researchers have designed a deep learning-based system that accurately identifies individual skin stem cells grown under artificial conditions and tracks their motion. Using this system to perform quality control of stem cell cultures could improve the speed and efficiency of growing skin grafts for use in regenerative medicine and may also be useful for other types of stem cell cultures.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113849.htm

The origins of farming insects more than 100 million years ago

The origins of farming insects more than 100 million years ago
A beetle bores a tree trunk to build a gallery in the wood in order to protect its lay. As it digs the tunnel, it spreads ambrosia fungal spores that will feed the larvae. When these bore another tree, the adult beetles will be the transmission vectors of the fungal spores in another habitat. This mutualism among insects and ambrosia fungi could be more than 100 years old, more than what was thought to date.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113817.htm

Milk protein could help boost blueberries' healthfulness

Milk protein could help boost blueberries' healthfulness
Pairing blueberry pie with a scoop of ice cream is a nice summer treat. Aside from being tasty, this combination might also help people take up more of the 'superfruit's' nutrients, such as anthocyanins. Researchers show that a protein found in cow's milk helped rats absorb more blueberry anthocyanins and their byproducts, boosting accessibility to these good-for-you nutrients.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623130714.htm

Seeking a treatment for IBS pain in tarantula venom

Seeking a treatment for IBS pain in tarantula venom
For patients who have inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS), the condition is literally a pain in the gut. Chronic -- or long-term -- abdominal pain is common, and there are currently no effective treatment options for this debilitating symptom. In a new study, researchers identify a new potential source of relief: a molecule derived from spider venom. In experiments with mice, they found that one dose could stop symptoms associated with IBS pain.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623130711.htm

Half of young adults with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms 6 months after, study finds

Half of young adults with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms 6 months after, study finds
A new paper describes persistent symptoms six months after acute COVID-19, even in young home isolated people. The most common symptoms were loss of smell and/or taste, fatigue, shortness of breath, impaired concentration, and memory problems.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113911.htm

Pleistocene sediment DNA from Denisova Cave

Pleistocene sediment DNA from Denisova Cave
Researchers have analyzed DNA from 728 sediment samples from Denisova Cave. Their study provides unprecedented detail about the occupation of the site by both archaic and modern humans over 300,000 years. The researchers detected the DNA of Neandertals and Denisovans, the two forms of archaic hominins who inhabited the cave, and the DNA of modern humans who appeared around the time of the emergence of an archaeological culture called the Initial Upper Paleolithic around 45,000 years ago.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113857.htm

Mechanism of magnetic sensing in birds

Mechanism of magnetic sensing in birds
The magnetic sense of migratory birds such as European robins is thought to be based on a specific light-sensitive protein in the eye. Researchers demonstrate that the protein cryptochrome 4, found in birds' retinas, is sensitive to magnetic fields and could well be the long-sought magnetic sensor.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623113855.htm

AI to track cognitive deviation in aging brains

AI to track cognitive deviation in aging brains
Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-based brain age prediction model to quantify deviations from a healthy brain-aging trajectory in patients with mild cognitive impairment, according to a new study. The model has the potential to aid in early detection of cognitive impairment at an individual level.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623100257.htm

How to make lithium-ion batteries invincible

How to make lithium-ion batteries invincible
Scientists have made significant progress in developing battery cathodes using a new class of materials that provide batteries with the same if not higher energy density than conventional lithium-ion batteries but can be made of inexpensive and abundant metals. Known as DRX, which stands for disordered rocksalts with excess lithium, this novel family of materials was invented less than 10 years ago and allows cathodes to be made without nickel or cobalt.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623100254.htm

Protein linked to heart health, disease a potential therapeutic target for dementia

Protein linked to heart health, disease a potential therapeutic target for dementia
Researchers have found that high levels of a normal protein associated with reduced heart disease also protect against Alzheimer's-like damage in mice, opening up new approaches to slowing or stopping brain damage and cognitive decline in people with Alzheimer's.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623095247.htm

Language trade-off? No, bilingual children reliably acquire English by age 5

Language trade-off? No, bilingual children reliably acquire English by age 5
A new study in U.S.-born children from Spanish-speaking families finds that minority language exposure does not threaten the acquisition of English by children in the U.S. and that there is no trade-off between English and Spanish. Rather, children reliably acquire English by age 5, and their total language knowledge is greater to the degree that they also acquire Spanish. Children's level of English knowledge was independent of their level of Spanish knowledge.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623091305.htm

River flow: New machine learning methods could improve environmental predictions

River flow: New machine learning methods could improve environmental predictions
Machine learning algorithms do a lot for us every day -- send unwanted email to our spam folder, warn us if our car is about to back into something, and give us recommendations on what TV show to watch next. Now, we are increasingly using these same algorithms to make environmental predictions for us.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210623091247.htm

Wednesday, 23 June 2021

Cohesin opens up for cell division

Cohesin opens up for cell division
Scientists have uncovered a mechanism that allows a protein complex to bind to DNA without impeding some of the important processes of cell division. Their findings could further understandings of developmental disorders arising from mutations in the gene that codes for the complex.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622123314.htm

Boost for mouse genetic analysis

Boost for mouse genetic analysis
To understand what role an individual gene plays, biologists have, for 100 years, been using a trick of nature: While in principle, the genome in all cells of an organism is the same, mutations arise in individual cells. These mutations differentiate a cell from its neighbors, forming a 'genetic mosaic.' Now, researchers have advanced genetic mosaic analysis, making almost all genes in the mouse genome accessible to single-cell genetic mosaic analysis.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622123309.htm

Illuminating the mechanism behind how plants regulate starch synthesis

Illuminating the mechanism behind how plants regulate starch synthesis
Biologists have used rice to successfully illuminate the mechanism by which plants regulate the amount of starch produced via photosynthesis. This knowledge could contribute towards improving the quality and yield of agricultural crops.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622123306.htm

Sports: Men and women react differently to a missing audience

Sports: Men and women react differently to a missing audience
Without an audience, men run slower and women faster: The lack of spectators during the coronavirus pandemic appears to have had a noticeable effect on the performance of athletes at the 2020 Biathlon World Cup, a new study shows. According to the new analysis, women also performed better in complex tasks, such as shooting, when an audience was present while men did not.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622123303.htm

Did the ancient Maya have parks?

Did the ancient Maya have parks?
Researchers developed a novel system to analyze ancient plant DNA in the sediment of Tikal's temple and palace reservoirs to identify more than 30 species of trees, grasses, vines and flowering plants that lived along its banks more than 1,000 years ago. Their findings paint a picture of a lush, wild oasis in the ancient Maya city.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622125316.htm

AR can improve the lives of older adults, so why are apps designed mainly for youngsters?

AR can improve the lives of older adults, so why are apps designed mainly for youngsters?
Older people affected by memory loss have much to gain from AR technology, yet a study exploring the use of augmented reality to support older adults at home finds the user interface is sometimes confusing for those aged 50+.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622123229.htm

Open learning spaces do not increase children's physical activity

Open learning spaces do not increase children's physical activity
According to a recent study, open learning spaces are not directly associated with the physical activity of students in grades 3 and 5, even though more breaks from sedentary time were observed in open learning spaces compared to conventional classrooms.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622123213.htm

Bee-impersonating flies show pollinator potential

Bee-impersonating flies show pollinator potential
An observational study found that out of more than 2,400 pollinator visits to flowers at urban and rural farms in in Western Washington about 35% of were made by flies -- most of which were the black-and-yellow-striped syrphid flies. For a few plants, including peas, kale and lilies, flies were the only pollinators observed. Bees still made the majority, about 61%, of floral visits, but the rest were made by other insects and spiders.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622091624.htm

No northern escape route for Florida's coral reefs

No northern escape route for Florida's coral reefs
Warming seas are driving many species of marine life to shift their geographic ranges out of the tropics to higher latitudes where the water is cooler. Florida's reefs will not be able to make that northward move, however, as they will be caught between intolerably hot tropical waters and increasingly frequent water-cooling cold snaps, according to new findings.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210622091613.htm

Tuesday, 22 June 2021

Microscopy deep learning predicts viral infections

Microscopy deep learning predicts viral infections
When viruses infect cells, changes in the cell nucleus occur, and these can be observed through fluorescence microscopy. Using fluorescence images from live cells, researchers have trained an artificial neural network to reliably recognize cells that are infected by adenoviruses or herpes viruses. The procedure also identifies severe acute infections at an early stage.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621123733.htm

Twenty-year study links childhood depression to disrupted adult health and functioning

Twenty-year study links childhood depression to disrupted adult health and functioning
Depression in youth, between the ages of 10 and 24 years, is both a leading cause of stress and a possible risk factor for future diseases and impairment. Now, a study confirms that depression in childhood or adolescence is associated with higher levels of adult anxiety and substance use disorders, worse health and social functioning, less financial and educational achievement, and increased criminality.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621123709.htm

Scientists reveal silver-based antimicrobials can be utilized as antibiotic adjuvants to combat antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Scientists reveal silver-based antimicrobials can be utilized as antibiotic adjuvants to combat antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
A research team discovers that silver (Ag)-based antimicrobials can effectively combat antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus by targeting multiple biological pathways via functional disruption of key proteins and can be further exploited to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics as well as to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621104250.htm

Computers help researchers find materials to turn solar power into hydrogen

Computers help researchers find materials to turn solar power into hydrogen
Researchers report that they have taken a step toward overcoming the challenge of inexpensive hydrogen production by using supercomputers to find materials that could help accelerate hydrogen separation when water is exposed to light, a process called photocatalysis.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621133919.htm

There's more to genes than DNA: How Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you

There's more to genes than DNA: How Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you
Biologists have discovered 71 new 'imprinted' genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unravelling some of the mysteries of epigenetics - an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells, at different stages in development and adulthood.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621123819.htm

New modeling technique shows greater likelihood, frequency of urban extreme heat events

New modeling technique shows greater likelihood, frequency of urban extreme heat events
This model addresses the fact that most traditional climate models effectively ignore cities entirely, causing them to underestimate the frequency and severity of urban heat waves. Urban areas make up only 2-3% of the earth's land, so their effect on global models is negligible, but more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas, so their impact is significant.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621123706.htm

A bright future: Using visible light to decompose CO2 with high efficiency

A bright future: Using visible light to decompose CO2 with high efficiency
To tackle the challenge of global warming, scientists have been looking into green and sustainable methods of breaking down carbon dioxide in emissions and in the atmosphere. Now, a group of researchers have developed a novel, easy to synthesize composite compound that enables the efficient use of solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide, taking us one step closer to achieving a green economy.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621104245.htm

A tiny device incorporates a compound made from starch and baking soda to harvest energy from movement

A tiny device incorporates a compound made from starch and baking soda to harvest energy from movement
Scientists have used a compound made from a starch derivative and baking soda to help convert mechanical to electrical energy. The approach is cost-effective and biocompatible, and can help charge low-energy electronics like calculators and watches.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210621104242.htm

Monday, 21 June 2021

Sunday, 20 June 2021

New therapeutic target for C. difficile infection

New therapeutic target for C. difficile infection
A new study paves the way for the development of next generation therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), the most frequent cause of healthcare-acquired gastrointestinal infections and death in developed countries.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618134107.htm

Earlier flood forecasting could help avoid disaster in Japan

Earlier flood forecasting could help avoid disaster in Japan
Researchers have revealed that a newly developed forecasting system can accurately predict flood locations 32 hours in advance. Extreme rainfall events are occurring increasingly frequently; such accurate and timely flood warnings will help to minimize their impact by providing time for measures to protect people and property.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618134043.htm

Dragonflies: Species losses and gains in Germany

Dragonflies: Species losses and gains in Germany
Over the past 35 years, there have been large shifts in the distributions of many dragonfly species in Germany. Those of standing water habitats have declined, probably due to loss of habitat. Running-water species and warm-adapted species have benefited from improved water quality and warmer temperatures. The study highlights the importance of citizen science and natural history societies for long-term data collection.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618134040.htm

Atomic-scale tailoring of graphene approaches macroscopic world

Atomic-scale tailoring of graphene approaches macroscopic world
Properties of materials are often defined by imperfections in their atomic structure, especially when the material itself is just one atom thick, such as graphene. Researchers have now developed a method for controlled creation of such imperfections into graphene at length scales approaching the macroscopic world. These results, confirmed by atomically resolved microscope images, serve as an essential starting point both for tailoring graphene for applications and for the development of new materials.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618134035.htm

Climate warming can influence fungal communities on oak leaves across the growing season

Climate warming can influence fungal communities on oak leaves across the growing season
Climate warming plays a larger role than plant genes in influencing the number and identity of fungal species on oak leaves, especially in autumn. This research by ecologists sheds light on how warming and tree genes affect the dynamics of fungal communities across the season.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618134027.htm

Will reduction in tau protein protect against Parkinson's and Lewy body dementias?

Will reduction in tau protein protect against Parkinson's and Lewy body dementias?
Will a reduction in tau protein in brain neurons protect against Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias? A new study suggests the answer is no. If this is borne out, that result differs from Alzheimer's disease, where reducing endogenous tau levels in brain neurons is protective for multiple models of the disease -- and thus suggests that the role of tau in the pathogenesis of Lewy body dementias is distinct from Alzheimer's disease.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618133954.htm

Bio-inspired hydrogel protects the heart from post-op adhesions

Bio-inspired hydrogel protects the heart from post-op adhesions
A hydrogel that forms a barrier to keep heart tissue from adhering to surrounding tissue after surgery was developed and successfully tested in rodents. The team of engineers, scientists and physicians also conducted a pilot study on porcine hearts, with promising results.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618091726.htm

Start-stop system of hunting immune cells

Start-stop system of hunting immune cells
Researchers decipher the basic biology of neutrophil swarming and now show that the cells also evolved an intrinsic molecular program to self-limit their swarming activity. The study elucidates how swarming neutrophils become insensitive to their own secreted signals that brought the swarm together in the first place. This process is crucial for the efficient elimination of bacteria in tissues.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618091712.htm

Saturday, 19 June 2021

Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past

Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past
Scientists have long known the brain's hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory. Now a new study has found the hippocampus also plays a role in short-term memory and helps guide decision-making. The findings shed light on how the hippocampus contributes to memory and exploration, potentially leading to therapies that restore hippocampal function, which is impacted in memory-related aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, the study authors said.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618153518.htm

How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life

How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life
People who are physically active during childhood have higher cognitive functions in later life. Participants who exercised when they were children did better on cognitive tests regardless of their current age. However, no such relationship was found between task performance and post-childhood exercise -- suggesting that exercise during childhood is particularly important for brain development and long-term cognitive health.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618134038.htm

Scientists detect signatures of life remotely

Scientists detect signatures of life remotely
It could be a milestone on the path to detecting life on other planets: Scientists detect a key molecular property of all living organisms from a helicopter flying several kilometers above ground. The measurement technology could also open up opportunities for remote sensing of the Earth.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618133959.htm

The end of Darwin's nightmare at Lake Victoria?

The end of Darwin's nightmare at Lake Victoria?
Lake Victoria, which came under the spotlight in 2004 by the documentary 'Darwin's nightmare', is not only suffering from the introduction and commercialization of the Nile perch: A study has highlighted other worrying phenomena, particularly climatic ones, which have an equally important impact on the quality of the lake's waters.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618133952.htm

Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song

Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song
It is possible to re-create a bird's song by reading only its brain activity, shows a first proof-of-concept study. The researchers were able to reproduce the songbird's complex vocalizations down to the pitch, volume and timbre of the original. The study is a first step towards developing vocal prostheses for humans who have lost the ability to speak.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618091721.htm

Greenhouse gas data deep dive reaches new level of 'reasonable and true'

Greenhouse gas data deep dive reaches new level of 'reasonable and true'
For the most accurate accounting of a product's environmental impact, scientists look at the product's entire life cycle, from cradle to grave. It's a grand calculation known as a life cycle assessment (LCA), and greenhouse gas emissions are a key component. For corn ethanol, most greenhouse gas emissions can be mapped to the fuel's production, transportation, and combustion, but a large portion of the greenhouse gas calculation can be traced right back to the farm.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618091628.htm

Meringue-like material could make aircraft as quiet as a hairdryer

Meringue-like material could make aircraft as quiet as a hairdryer
An incredibly light new material can reduce aircraft engine noise and improve passenger comfort. The graphene oxide-polyvinyl alcohol aerogel weighs just 2.1kg per cubic meter, making it the lightest sound insulation ever manufactured.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210618091625.htm

Friday, 18 June 2021

Passive rewilding can rapidly expand UK woodland at no cost

Passive rewilding can rapidly expand UK woodland at no cost
A long-term passive rewilding study has shown that natural woodland regeneration could make a significant contribution to meeting the UK's ambitious tree planting targets - potentially at no cost and within relatively short timescales. The research found natural growth due to seed dispersal by birds, mammals and wind can produce biodiverse and resilient woodland.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210617145808.htm

First months decisive for immune system development

First months decisive for immune system development
Many diseases caused by a dysregulated immune system, such as allergies, asthma and autoimmunity, can be traced back to events in the first few months after birth. To date, the mechanisms behind the development of the immune system have not been fully understood. Now, researchers show a connection between breast milk, beneficial gut bacteria and the development of the immune system.

source https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210617143639.htm