Nanoscale ripples provide key to unlocking thin material properties in electronics

When materials are created on a nanometer scale—just a handful of atoms thick—even the thermal energy present at room temperature can cause structural ripples. How these ripples affect the mechanical properties of these thin materials can limit their use in electronics and other key systems.

source https://phys.org/news/2025-03-nanoscale-ripples-key-thin-material.html